'Phonetic Symbol Guide' 태그의 글 목록

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Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Prosodic features(supra-segmental)(2) 2. sentence stress - when any word receiving stress(mostly content words) has more than one syllable, it is only the word's most strongly stressed syllable(primary stress) that carries the sentence stress ① content words include - nouns, verbs(including gerund and particle), adjectives, and adverb(including "not", demonstrative pronouns & adjectives), and interrogative pronouns - open class word.. 2022. 11. 15.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Prosodic features(supra-segmental)(1) Prosodic(운율적인) features(supra-segmental) - 영어는 stress-timed language 1. stress - is a cover term for the prosodic features of duration, intensity, and pitch(prominence) (+ rhythm, stress, tone - prosodic features에 해당하는 suprasegmental properties - unit이 가지는 속성) ① lexical categories(syntactic word category, 품사) - 명사, 동사, 형용사, 부사 (+ affix와 함께 stress를 결정) + compound noun(morphology와 연관)과 noun phrase.. 2022. 11. 15.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Syllables(2) 4. syllabification(where the syllable boundaries lie) is made with reference to language-specific facts (syllable phonotactics) such as possible onset/coda clusters and maximal onset principles 5. maximal onset principle(MOP) ① it simply assigns any series of intervocalic consonants to the syllable on the right as long as it does not violate language-specific onset patterns(phonotactics) ② V C C.. 2022. 11. 14.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Syllables(1) Syllables - phonological unit composed of one or more phonemes and suprasegmental unit 1. phonotactic constraints - restrictions between syllabic elements are either within onset or rhyme - syllable structure와 lexical gap(possible, nonsense)을 통해 new form이 possible or impossible 인지 판단 ex) [blIt] - possible onset cluster, accidental gap / ex) *[bmIt] - impossible onset cluster, systematic gap but .. 2022. 11. 14.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Vowels(3) 10. full forms(stressed) vs reduced forms(unstressed) of function words + function words - auxiliaries, prepositions, articles, conjunctions, pronouns, and some adverbs ex) relative pronoun 'that'(reduced) and demonstrative 'that'(full) ① full forms are in isolation(citation) / reduced forms are in connected seech ② focal point(contrastive, emphasis) - full forms ex) A: “We can serve strawberrie.. 2022. 11. 11.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Vowels(2) 5. vowel before tautosyllabic /l/ - postvocalic laterals are velarized(dark) + vowels are more centralized + back vowel /a/ and /ɔ/의 distinction은 어렵지만 when followed by tautosyllabic /r/이면 쉽다. 6. central vowels 7. full/reduced vowels(scwha) ① While all vowels of English (except [ə]) can occur in stressed syllables, many of these vowels reveal alternations with an [ə] in unstressed syllables in a .. 2022. 11. 11.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Vowels(1) English vowels 1. features(+ 순서는 mid, central, unrounded, lax vowel - schwa) ① tongue position - tongue height(high, mid, low), tongue part(front, central, back) ⑴ place - front(i I e ɛ ᴂ), central(ə ʌ), back(u ʊ o(oʊ, ow) ɔ ɑ) ⑵ height - high(i I u ʊ), mid(e(eI, ej) ɛ ə o ɔ), low(ᴂ ʌ ɑ) ② lip position - rounded, unrounded + all non-low back vowels are rounded(redundancy rule - 환경에 상관없이 무조건) ③ m.. 2022. 11. 10.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Consonants (5) * approximants([+consonant, +sonorant, -nasal]) - glide(/j/, /w/, + 움직이는 vowel), liquid(/l/, /r/) 1. Joined with stops in two-member English onset cluster - $ C(obstruent) C(approximant) V ① lateral - /s/ /f/ - ex) sleep [slip], fly [flaɪ] ② rhotic(non-leteral) - /f/ /θ/ /ʃ/ - ex) free [fɹ̣i], three [θɹ̣i], shrimp [ʃɹ̣ɪmp] ③ labio-velar glide(w) - /s/ /θ/ - ex) thwart [θwɔɹ̣t], sweet [swit] ④ pa.. 2022. 11. 10.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Consonants (4) * nasal(nasal stop) - bilabial /m/ alveolar /n/ velar /ŋ/ 1. nasal compensatory lengthening(de-gemination) - followed by an identical nasal (n n - n:) ex) ten names [tɛnːemz], some more [sʌmːɔɹ̣] 2. dentalization of alveolar nasal(oral alveolar stop/t, d/도) - followed by an inter-dental(/θ, ð/) ex) tenth [tɛn̪θ], ban the film [bæn̪ðəfɪlm], when they [wɛn̪ðe] 3. labio-dentalization of nasal follo.. 2022. 11. 9.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Consonants (3) * fricative - labio-dental /f, v/, interdental /θ, ð/, alveolar /s, z/, palato-alveolar /ʃ, ʒ/, glottal /h/ 1. the length of the preceding vowels or sonorant consonants depend on the following fricative(stop 1번) ex) save [sev] > safe [sef], fens [fɛnz] > fence [fɛns], shelve [ʃɛlv] > shelf [ʃɛlf] 2. In the formation of ① the regular noun plurals, ② third person possessive marking, and ③ marking .. 2022. 11. 9.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Consonants (2) ⑨ affrication - 강화 - regressive assimilation - when alveolar stop(t, d) is onset(syllable initial) + it is followed by /ɹ/ - becomes affricates(ʧ, ʤ) ex) train ⑩ palatalization - regressive assimilation, fricative도 해당(3번) + 이건 affricate가 되는 거 맞음 - alveolar stop(t, d) may turn into palato-alveolar affricates(ʧ, ʤ) when it is followed by palatal glide(j) ex) did you ... ([dɪd ju ...] or [dɪʤ ju .... 2022. 11. 8.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - English Consonants (1) English consonants - are produced with some restriction(혀가 조금이라도 닿으면) or closure * (oral) stop : bilabial - /p, b/, alveolar - /t, d/, velar - /k, g/ ① lenis(약음) / fortis(강음) - weakening / strengthening, 모든 obstruents(stop, fricative, affricate)에 해당 - In English only intervocalic stop is fully voiced / other positions(initial and final) are partially voiced + final devoicing is present if there .. 2022. 11. 8.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Phonological Rules Phonological rules - phonological rules apply to(operate on) phonemic strings to derive their phonetic pronunciations(to make explicit which allophones are pronounced in which environments) - A(phoneme) becomes B(allophone) when they are [followed(preceded) by, between, in the position of] C. + condition(environment)라고 하면 ‘같은 syllable 속’ ‘바로 앞 뒤 sound들의 natural class’를 생각 + phonetic condition(en.. 2022. 11. 7.

Phonetics(음성학) & Phonology(음운론) - Segmental classification Segmental classification + phonological features(+ [ ]: feature matrix, ex) [+nasality] : 자음에서 distinctive, 모음에서 non-distinctive) ① distinctive feature (non-redundant, phonemic - 음소차원 - rule로 포착이 안 된다) ② redundant feature (predictable - 규칙으로 표현 가능, 환경의 영향을 받는다, phonetic - 음성차원) 1. English consonant - vocing, place of articulation, manner of articulation (순서가 중요) ⑴ vocing ⒜ voiced - vocal cords a.. 2022. 11. 7.

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